Can we trust measures of healthcare utilization from household surveys?
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Auteurs : Evelyn Korkor Ansah [Ghana] ; Timothy Powell-Jackson [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- BMC Public Health [ 1471-2458 ] ; 2013.
Abstract
The research community relies heavily on measures of healthcare utilization from household surveys to understand health seeking choices and to evaluate interventions in developing countries. Such measures are known to suffer from recall problems but there is limited evidence of whether the method of data collection affects evaluation findings. We compared the results of a randomized trial of free healthcare using utilization data from two sources.
Data are from a study in Ghana, in which 2,194 households containing 2,592 children under 5 y old were randomized into a prepayment scheme providing free primary and some referral care, or to a control group whose families paid user fees for healthcare. Data on morbidity and health seeking behaviour were collected using a standard household survey administered at endline and a pictorial diary given to households over a six month period, collected at monthly intervals.
Self-reported measures of morbidity and healthcare utilization were substantially lower in the household survey than the pictorial diary when the recall period was over a month. Introducing free healthcare had a positive effect on primary care visits based on the pictorial diary and a non-significant negative effect according to the household survey. Using any clinic visit in the past month as the outcome, the difference in the effect of free care between the two data collection methods was 3.6 percentage points (
The findings raise methodological concerns about measures of healthcare utilization from household surveys, particularly in the evaluation of health financing interventions.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-853
PubMed: 24040864
PubMed Central: 3848569
Affiliations:
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Box MB-190, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powell Jackson, Timothy" sort="Powell Jackson, Timothy" uniqKey="Powell Jackson T" first="Timothy" last="Powell-Jackson">Timothy Powell-Jackson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Global Health & Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Global Health & Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>London WC1H 9SH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">PMC</idno><idno type="pmid">24040864</idno><idno type="pmc">3848569</idno><idno type="url">http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3848569</idno><idno type="RBID">PMC:3848569</idno><idno type="doi">10.1186/1471-2458-13-853</idno><date when="2013">2013</date><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Corpus">000277</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="PMC">000277</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Curation">000276</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Curation">000276</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Pmc/Checkpoint">000316</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Pmc" wicri:step="Checkpoint">000316</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Merge">000597</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Curation">000597</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Ncbi/Checkpoint">000597</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">000624</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">000623</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">000623</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a" type="main">Can we trust measures of healthcare utilization from household surveys?</title><author><name sortKey="Ansah, Evelyn Korkor" sort="Ansah, Evelyn Korkor" uniqKey="Ansah E" first="Evelyn Korkor" last="Ansah">Evelyn Korkor Ansah</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="I1">Research & Development Division, Ghana Health Service, P.O. Box MB-190, Accra, Ghana</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Ghana</country><wicri:regionArea>Research & Development Division, Ghana Health Service, P.O. Box MB-190, Accra</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Accra</settlement><region nuts="2">Région du Grand Accra</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powell Jackson, Timothy" sort="Powell Jackson, Timothy" uniqKey="Powell Jackson T" first="Timothy" last="Powell-Jackson">Timothy Powell-Jackson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I2">Department of Global Health & Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Global Health & Development, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, London WC1H 9SH</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>London WC1H 9SH</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">BMC Public Health</title><idno type="eISSN">1471-2458</idno><imprint><date when="2013">2013</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>The research community relies heavily on measures of healthcare utilization from household surveys to understand health seeking choices and to evaluate interventions in developing countries. Such measures are known to suffer from recall problems but there is limited evidence of whether the method of data collection affects evaluation findings. We compared the results of a randomized trial of free healthcare using utilization data from two sources.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Data are from a study in Ghana, in which 2,194 households containing 2,592 children under 5 y old were randomized into a prepayment scheme providing free primary and some referral care, or to a control group whose families paid user fees for healthcare. Data on morbidity and health seeking behaviour were collected using a standard household survey administered at endline and a pictorial diary given to households over a six month period, collected at monthly intervals.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Self-reported measures of morbidity and healthcare utilization were substantially lower in the household survey than the pictorial diary when the recall period was over a month. Introducing free healthcare had a positive effect on primary care visits based on the pictorial diary and a non-significant negative effect according to the household survey. Using any clinic visit in the past month as the outcome, the difference in the effect of free care between the two data collection methods was 3.6 percentage points (<italic>p</italic> = 0.078).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>The findings raise methodological concerns about measures of healthcare utilization from household surveys, particularly in the evaluation of health financing interventions.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="King, G" uniqKey="King G">G King</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gakidou, E" uniqKey="Gakidou E">E Gakidou</name></author><author><name sortKey="Imai, K" uniqKey="Imai K">K Imai</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lakin, J" uniqKey="Lakin J">J Lakin</name></author><author><name sortKey="Moore, Rt" uniqKey="Moore R">RT Moore</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nall, C" uniqKey="Nall C">C Nall</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ravishankar, N" 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